Abstract: Ruxian(《儒仙》) collected by Nihon Dokan is a rare document with paintings. The book does not have the date of publication, but katakana is marked in the text, so it is certain that it was published in Japan. The book contains biographies, poems and accompanying paintings of 36 immortals, beginning with the Fuxi (伏羲氏)and ending with Wang Yangming(王陽明). Based on this, the author speculates that there may have been a prototype or block copy similar to Ruxian in the Chinese folks. After being spread in Japan, it was re-edited and decorated by Japanese scholars or channel disciples to become the current version of Ruxian. In terms of chapter structure, the basic characteristics of Ruxian can be summarized in four sentences: leading poetry with literary, carrying essay with poem, poem as literary soul, literary as poem. As for the art of matching paintings, the author embodies the profound ideological interest of Daoism through the methods of primitive pointing, typical illumination, and consistent brushwork.

Key words: Ruxian, Illustration art, Thought and taste